Ultrasonic welding of magnetic hybrid material systems –316L stainless steel to Ni/Cu/Ni-coated Nd2Fe14B magnets

Functional Composite Materials

Table 1 Mechanical properties and surface roughness of the materials used in the welding experiments

	Young’s modulus in GPa	Yield strength in MPa	Hardness HV10	Elongation to fracture in %	Surface roughness R_a in μm
	[40]	[40]	[40]
Nd₂Fe₁₄B	152–157	250–285	550	4% [41]	–
Ni/Cu/Ni	–	–	170	–	0.34 ± 0.08
Sm₂Co₁₇	117	110	500	–	–
316L	200	310	170	30% [40]	0.74 ± 0.05
AA 1050	70	48	20	45% [40]	0.32 ± 0.01
Ni 2.4068	190–220	90	170	40% [40]	0.26 ± 0.01